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Current Codes

Russia Thermal Performance of Buildings (SNiP 23-02-2003)
Country Specific Mandatory
Wednesday, October 1, 2003
Saturday, February 1, 2003
Residential
Russia Multifamily Residential Buildings Code (SNiP 31-01-2003)
Country Specific Mandatory
Wednesday, January 1, 2003
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Additional Code Information

Code Adoption & Change Process
History: 

Russia's first buildling energy codes were established in 1993, when the Russian Academy of Architectural and Construction Sciences (NIISF) worked with other Russian organizations and U.S. specialists to develop a code.  The first regional code was then passed in 1994 for the City of Moscow.  The most recent update to Russian code came in 2003, when both SNiP 23-02-2003, "Thermal Performace of Buildings," and SNiP 31-01-2003, "Multifamily Residential Buildings" were passed.  These codes were meant to parallel the EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive passed in 2002, and set relitavely stringent standards on thermal insulation efficiency.  Moscow also updated its local code in 2004, which addresses high-rise multi-family buildings.

Compliance Verification: 

Buildings must have documentation of energy efficiency rating, called an Energy Passport.

Economic Indicators
Government Type: 

federation

Climate Zone: 

ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast

Population: 

140,041,247 (July 2009 est.)

Unemployment Rate: 

6.4% (2008 est.)

GDP Per Capita: 

$16,100 (2008 est.)

Projected GDP Growth: 

5.6% (2008 est.)

Industrial Production Growth: 

3.5% (2008 est.)

Primary Exports: 

petroleum and petroleum products, natural gas, wood and wood products, metals, chemicals, and a wide variety of civilian and military manufactures

Primary Imports: 

vehicles, machinery and equipment, plastics, medicines, iron and steel, consumer goods, meat, fruits and nuts, semifinished metal products

Local Resources: 

wide natural resource base including major deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, and many strategic minerals, timber
note: formidable obstacles of climate, terrain, and distance hinder exploitation of natural resources

Energy Data
Primary Energy Source: 

Natural Gas: 55% (2005)

Energy Consumption: 

30.39 Quadrillion BTU (2006), produced 53.34 Quadrillion BTU

Energy Snapshot: 

Russia holds the world's largest natural gas reserves, the second largest coal reserves, and the eighth largest oil reserves. Russia is also the world's largest exporter of natural gas, the second largest oil exporter and the third largest energy consumer.

Russia is a major world oil producer, sometimes producing even more than Saudi Arabia. Russia’s output rebounded during the early 2000s, but the effects of high government taxation and a mature field base threaten an overall decline in production.

Russia has the largest natural gas reserves in the world, but the industry will face investment challenges in bringing new, more challenging fields online. In the meantime, production from Gazprom’s four largest fields are in decline.

Russia has the second-largest amount of recoverable coal reserves in the world.

Russia’s electricity reforms will be completed in July 2008 when Russian electricity monopoly RAO UES is dissolved. The government sees electricity sector reform as a crucial component of reducing domestic natural gas consumption.

Source: EIA

Climate Concerns
CO2 Emissions: 

1,704.36 MMT CO2 (2006)

Green Building Initiatives

Local Revision and Green Codes:
Energy Conservation and Thermal Performance for City of Moscow, MGSN 4.19-2005

National Environmental Milestones and Strategies:
Russian Energy Strategy 2020 (Recently Updated through 2030)

Strengthening National Policies:
Russian Energy Strategy 2020 (Recently Updated through 2030)
Mainly proposed to further greater cooperation of energy exports to Asia and Europe, however this policy helps to identify energy as a major issue and justifies further domestic policies.  The strategy sets goals for energy efficiency and less dependence on non-renewable resources.

Compliance Method:
Energy Passports
In order to achieve approval for building construction and occupation, the building owner must provide an Energy Passport for the deign, construction, and occupation phases.  The Energy Passport is essentially Russia's method for conductiong and energy audit, making sure that the building has been designed and built to meet relevant energy codes and to inform the occupants of the efficiency of the building.

Based on the current status of building energy codes and policies, as well as potential for energy efficiency, BCAP recommends the following actions.  Also noted are states or countries that successfully employ the suggested action, and may be used as a model.  These suggestions are meant only to show opportunities for energy efficiency.  Please contact BCAP for more information or assistance.

Establish a Complete Residential and Commercial Code
Russia currently has a National Building Code (SNiP 23-02-2003), as well as residential building regulations (SNiP 31-01-2003) with refrences to energy efficiency modeled after the EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive.  The next step is to update the National Building Code to include all building elements.

Model Country:
Australia
Australia's 2009 BCA is a good example of a building code with an emphasis on energy.  It includes many standards covering a wide range of building elements, all of which are mandatory.  If Russia were to establish a code similar in completness, it would experience much greater energy savings.

Establish a Code Change and Update Process
Russia already has current building energy codes, as well a national program in place to help support the code and assist residents and tennants with energy efficiency.  However, in order ensure that the codes stay current and incorporates the most recent advancements in building science, Russia must adopt a code update process.

Model State:
Florida
Florida has a regulatory code update process, managed by the Florida Building Comission (FBC).  Every three years the FBC updates the code in accordance with state guidelines.

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