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Singapore

Current Codes

Singapore Code on Environmental Sustainability of Buildings
Country Specific Mandatory
Tuesday, April 1, 2008
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Additional Code Information

Code Adoption & Change Process
History: 

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Compliance Verification: 

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Economic Indicators
Government Type: 

parliamentary republic

Climate Zone: 

tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons - Northeastern monsoon (December to March) and Southwestern monsoon (June to September); inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early evening thunderstorms

Population: 

4,657,542 (July 2009 est.)

Unemployment Rate: 

2.2% (2008 est.)

GDP Per Capita: 

$51,600 (2008 est.)

Projected GDP Growth: 

1.1% (2008 est.)

Industrial Production Growth: 

-0.8% (2008 est.)

Primary Exports: 

machinery and equipment (including electronics), consumer goods, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, mineral fuels

Primary Imports: 

machinery and equipment, mineral fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs, consumer goods

Local Resources: 

fish, deepwater ports

Energy Data
Primary Energy Source: 

Natural Gas: 76% (2007)

Energy Consumption: 

2.14 Quadrillion BTU (2006)

Energy Snapshot: 

Singapore is a major refining center for Southeast Asia, with refining capacity of nearly double its rate of petroleum products consumption. It also is located strategically near the Strait of Malacca, a major route for oil tankers.

Although Singapore does not produce any oil domestically, it is an important oil trading and refining hub.

Natural gas consumption has ballooned in recent years in Singapore, owing mostly to government programs that encourage the use of natural gas for electricity generation.

Singapore generates the majority of its electric power from natural gas-fired plants.

Singapore is taking steps to reduce its carbon intensity and improve the country’s energy efficiency.

Source: EIA

Climate Concerns
CO2 Emissions: 

141.1 MMT CO2 (2006)

Other Facts: 

On 12 April 2006, Environment and Water Resources Minister Yaacob Ibrahim announced that Singapore had ratified the Kyoto Protocol to help tackle global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, Singapore is a non-Annex I party to the agreement and therefore is not legally bound to a specific emissions target. Singapore has established its own targets as part of its National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS). The country aims to reduce its carbon intensity by 25 percent compared to 1990 levels. In 2005, Singapore’s carbon intensity was at 22 percent below 1990 levels. The NCCS is part of a larger ten-year environmental initiative known as the Singapore Green Plan 2012. Aside from its GHG emissions targets, the government has set out to introduce energy efficiency labels for home appliances, reduce per capita water consumption, improve waste management services, and other goals.

Source: EIA

Green Building Initiatives

Local Revision and Green Codes:
Green Mark Assessment Scheme, 2005

National Environmental Milestones and Strategies:
National Climate Strategy, 2008

Building Sector Economic Incentives:
Green Mark Incentive Schemes
Certified Energy Manager Program

Mandatory, Up-to-Date Building Energy Code:
2008 Code on Environmental Sustainability of Buildings
The 2008 CESB is mandatory for all new buildings in Singapore, and contains a detailed set of energy efficiency requirements.

Strengthening National Policies:
2008 National Climate Strategy
The National Climate Strategy is Signapre's approach to national climate change through energy efficiency and renewable resources.  It enables further action, and promotes energy efficiency throughout the country.

Economic Incentives for Efficiency:
Green Mark Incentive Schemes
Green Mark Incentive Schemes provide economic support for businesses and homes that achieve high scores on the Green Mark Assessment, both in the forms of loans and grants.

Green Building Rating System:
Green Mark Assessment Scheme
A prescriptive based scoring system that rates the efficiency and sustainability of buildings.  Minimum score requirements exist, but the program allows for buildings to be recognized for going "above and beyond" these requirements.

Based on the current status of building energy codes and policies, as well as potential for energy efficiency, BCAP recommends the following actions.  Also noted are states or countries that successfully employ the suggested action, and may be used as a model.  These suggestions are meant only to show opportunities for energy efficiency.  Please contact BCAP for more information or assistance.

Establish a Code Change and Update Process
Singapore already has a current building energy code, as well as national programs in place to help support the code and assist residents and tennants with energy efficiency.  The next step for the Building Construction Authority is to develop an update and change cycle to the CESB.  This will systematically ensure that the code stays current and incorporates the most recent advancements in building science.

Model State:
Florida
Florida has a regulatory code update process, managed by the Florida Building Comission (FBC).  Every three years the FBC updates the code in accordance with state guidelines.

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